INTEGRASI KETERAMPILAN 4C DALAM DESAIN KURIKULUM DAN PEMBELAJARAN PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM DI ABAD KE-21

Abstract

The integration of 4C skills (Critical Thinking, Creativity, Collaboration, Communication) in Islamic Religious Education (PAI) is an urgent necessity to address 21st century challenges, yet its implementation still faces various conceptual and practical constraints. This study aims to synthesize empirical and conceptual evidence regarding the integration of 4C skills in PAI curriculum design and learning. Methods: A Systematic Literature Review (SLR) was conducted analyzing 25 selected articles from Scopus, Web of Science, ERIC, and SINTA databases spanning 2012-2025. Results: The study reveals that 4C integration in PAI requires a contextual approach combining universal 4C principles with Islamic epistemology, where Project-Based Learning proves effective when modified into "Spiritual PBL". The findings also identify main challenges at teacher, curriculum, and assessment system levels. Conclusion: The study emphasizes the need for developing organic 4C integration models in PAI, enhancing teacher capacity, and reconstructing competency-oriented curriculum. Future research is recommended to develop PAI-specific assessment instruments, explore contextual implementation strategies, and examine the effectiveness of Spiritual PBL models in various learning settings.